One of the issues in contemporary Islamic thought which has attracted considerable attention amongst Muslim scholars and within the Muslim community is the valid and appropriate attitude of Muslims to relationships with non-Muslims. A major source of confusion and controversy with regards to this relationship comes from the allegation that Muslims must reserve their love and loyalty for fellow Muslims, and reject and declare war on the rest of humanity -- most acutely seen through the Islamic concept of Al-Wala' wal Bara' (WB) translated as "Loyalty and Disavowal", which appears to be central in the ideology of modern Salafism. This book investigates the dynamics and complexities of the concept of WB within modern Salafism and aims to understand the diverse interpretation of this concept; and how modern Salafis understand and apply the concept in contemporary religious, social and political settings. The book discovers that the complexities, diversities and disputes surrounding the concept in modern Salafism often revolve around issues of social, political and current realities. The significance of this book lies in the fact that comprehending modern Salafis' conception of WB, its realities and complexities has become an urgent priority in the lives of Muslims today.

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Roots of Religious Extremism, The: Understanding the Salafi Doctrine of Al-Wala' Wal Bara' (Insurgency and Terrorism)

The roots of religious extremism : understanding the Salafi Doctrine of Al-Walaetapos ; wal Baraetapos

The Roots of Religious Extremism: Understanding the Salafi Doctrine of Al-Wala' wal Bara' (312 Pages)

Ali, Mohamed Bin

Mohamed Bin Ali

Imperial College Press insurgency and terrorism series, London, 2016

Imperial College Press insurgency and terrorism series, London, 2014

World Scientific Publishing Company, London, 2016

United Kingdom and Ireland, United Kingdom

London, 2015

1, US, 2015

0

lg1616611

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 10.1.10 (Windows)

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Contents 6
Acknowledgements 10
About the Author 12
Introduction 14
Background 14
Significance of the Study 26
Objectives of the Study 35
Scope and Limitations of the Study 39
Sources of Research and Methodology 40
The Chapters 48
Chapter 1 Modern Salafism and the Islamic Concept of Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ 54
Introduction 54
Part I: Introduction to Modern Salafism 55
Meaning of Salafism 55
History of Salafism 58
Modern Salafism 59
The Salafi–Wahhabi Connection 61
Modern Salafism: Realities and Complexities 63
Modern Salafism: Factions and Categories 66
Characteristics of Modern Salafism 73
The Modern Salafi Ideology 76
Components of Modern Salafism 79
Aqidah 79
Approach to Islamic Law 80
Political Activism 82
Conclusion (for Part I) 83
Part II: Introduction to the Concept of WB 84
Definition of Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ 84
Historical Emergence of WB in Modern Salafism 87
Significance of WB in Modern Salafism 89
Various Dimensions of WB in Modern Salafism 96
Aqidah Dimension 96
Social Dimension 97
Political Dimension 97
Jihadi Dimension 98
Conclusion (for Part II) 100
Chapter 2 Significance of Surah Al-Mumtahanah and Millat Ibrahim in Salafis’ Conception of Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ 102
Introduction 102
Introduction to Surah Al-Mumtahanah 104
The Story of Hatib Bin Abi Balta’ah 108
The Issue of Wala’ and Salafis’ Debate on It 110
Defining the “Enemies” of God and Muslims 115
Wala’ and Bara’ from the Examples of Prophet Abraham 120
Parts Four and Five of Surah Al-Mumtahanah 126
WB in Other Parts of the Quran 127
Conclusion 137
Chapter 3 Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ in the Salafi–Wahhabi Ideology 138
Introduction 138
Wahhabism: Definition, History and Concepts 142
Wahhabism and the Concept of WB 148
WB in Early Days of Wahhabism 151
WB in Twentieth-Century Wahhabism 158
Political Dimension of WB in Twentieth-Century Wahhabism 162
WB in the Saudi Educational System 177
The Exportation of WB Outside Saudi Borders 182
Criticism of Saudi Educational System and Its Concept of WB 183
Conclusion 185
Chapter 4 Analyzing the Spectrum of Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ in Modern Salafism 188
Introduction 188
WB: What Do All Salafis Agree and Disagree on? 191
Issue 1 — Kufr and Kuffar: To Hate or Not to Hate? 192
Issue 2 — Ruling with Other Than What God Has Revealed and Relations with Non-Muslim Countries 202
Abu Muhammad Al-Maqdisi 203
Madkhali and Jami Salafis 205
Issue 3 — Aiding Non-Muslims Against Muslims 208
Issue 4 — Accepting Gifts from Kuffar and Congratulating Them on Their Festivals 219
Conclusion 223
Chapter 5 Analyzing the Writings of Purists, Politicos and Jihadi Salafis on Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ 226
Introduction 226
Contemporary Salafi Factions: The Purists, Politicos and Jihadis 228
Purist Salafis 228
Politico Salafis 230
Jihadi Salafis 232
Salih Bin Fawzan Al-Fawzan 233
Brief Profile of Al-Fawzan 233
Al-Fawzan’s Book: Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ Fil Islam 234
Indications of Taking the Kuffar as Mawla (Friends or Supporters) 235
The Outward Manifestations of Taking the Muslims as Mawla 236
Categories of People Whom Muslims Should Hate and Love 238
Ayman Al-Zawahiri 239
Brief Profile of Al-Zawahiri 239
Al-Zawahiri’s Book: Al-Wala’ wal Bara’: Aqidah Manqulah wa Waqi’ Mafqud 240
The Foundations of Loyalty and Disavowal 241
Illustrations of Deviations from the Doctrine of WB 243
Abdul Rahman Abdul Khaliq 244
Brief Profile of Abdul Rahman 244
Abdul Rahman’s Book: Al-Wala’ wal Bara 245
Muhammad Saeed Al-Qahtani 249
Brief Profile of Al-Qahtani 249
Al-Qahtani’s Book: Al-Wala’ wal Bara’ According to the Belief of the Salaf 250
Observations and Analysis 256
Salih Bin Fawzan Al-Fawzan 257
Ayman Al-Zawahiri 259
Abdul Rahman Abdul Khaliq 261
Muhammad Saeed Al-Qahtani 262
Conclusion 267
Chapter 6 Conclusion 270
Appendix A 282
Appendix B 286
Appendix C 290
Bibliography 296

Introduction -- Modern Salafism And The Islamic Concept Of Al-wala’wal Bara’ -- Significance Of Surah Al-mumtahanah And Millat Ibrahim In Salafis’ Conception Of Al-wala’wal Bara’ -- Al-wala’wal Bara’ In The Salafi-wahhabi Ideology -- Analyzing The Spectrum Of Al-wala’wal Bara’ In Modern Salfism -- Analyzing The Writings Of Purists, Politicos And Jihadi Salafis On Al-wala’wal Bara’ Mohamed Bin Ali. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 283-300).

2017-01-28