This book analyses the impact of socio-structural variables, such as social class, religion, urban/rural residence, age and gender, on influencing an individual’s voting preferences. There have been major changes in recent decades both to social structure and how social structure determines people’s voting behaviour. There has also been a shift in value orientations, for example from religious to secular values and from more authoritarian to libertarian values. The author addresses the questions: How do social structure and value orientations influence party choice in advanced industrial democracies?; To what extent is the impact of social structure on party choice transmitted via value orientations?; To what extent is the impact of value orientations on party choice causal effects when controlled for the prior structural variables? The book will be of use to advanced students and scholars in the fields of comparative politics, electoral politics and political sociology.
**
Review
“This book offers a very comprehensive analysis of the social foundations of contemporary European party systems. Knutsen artfully assembles data from the European Values Study to describe the persistence and change in the social base of voting behavior. The book demonstrates that social structural influences have not faded away as predictors of voting behavior, but the nature of some alignments has changed over time. This is a very valuable addition to the European voting behavior literature.” (Professor Russell J. Dalton, University of California, Irvine, USA)
“Knutsen's meticulous probing into public political opinion and partisan choices in 18 European democracies conveys detailed insights into the structure of popular beliefs and partisan alignments at the end of the first decade of the new millennium. He is careful to highlight both common patterns pertaining across the entire set of postindustrial polities as well as persistent differences between groups of countries. Political cleavages are crystallized around structural social divides, albeit they are most sharply configured around party families that did not exist in the post-World War II order. And, pace much talk about political dealignment, it is in the most advanced postindustrial polities that show the strongest structuring of the vote. Knutsen's study may serve as foundation from which much fruitful research can be launched.” (Professor Herbert Kitschelt, Duke University, USA)
From the Back Cover
This book analyses the impact of socio-structural variables, such as social class, religion, urban/rural residence, age and gender, on influencing an individual’s voting preferences. There have been major changes in recent decades both to social structure and how social structure determines people’s voting behaviour. There has also been a shift in value orientations, for example from religious to secular values and from more authoritarian to libertarian values. The author addresses the questions: How do social structure and value orientations influence party choice in advanced industrial democracies?; To what extent is the impact of social structure on party choice transmitted via value orientations?; To what extent is the impact of value orientations on party choice causal effects when controlled for the prior structural variables? The book will be of use to advanced students and scholars in the fields of comparative politics, electoral politics and political sociology.
Palgrave Studies in EuropeanPolitical Sociology 2
Social Structure,Value Orientationsand Party Choice inWestern Europe 4
Contents 6
List of Figures 7
List of Tables 8
List of Appendix Tables 10
1 Introduction and Presentation of the Research Problems 12
1.1 Introduction 12
1.2 Stable Alignment, Dealignment and Realignment 14
1.3 Preference Formation and Party Choice in Advanced Industrial Societies 17
1.4 Cognitive Mobilisation and Political Sophistication 21
1.5 Social Structure, Value Orientations and Party Choice 23
1.5.1 The Party Choice Variable 23
1.5.2 Social Structure 23
1.5.3 Value Orientations 24
1.6 Explanatory Macro-Level Variables 27
1.6.1 Advanced Industrialism and Post-industrialism 27
1.6.2 Party System Polarisation 28
1.6.3 Party System Fragmentation 30
1.7 Methodological and Statistical Considerations 32
1.7.1 General Considerations 32
1.7.2 Multinomial Logistic Regression 36
1.7.2.1 Description of the Statistical Method 36
1.7.2.2 Pseudo-R2 as a Measure of Goodness-of-fit 37
1.7.2.3 The Use of Log Odds Ratios as a Basis for Calculating Cleavage Strengths 39
1.7.3 Conclusions 41
1.8 Organisation of This Book 41
Notes 42
2 The Data Set and the Party Systems of the 18 Countries 44
2.1 Introduction 44
2.2 About the European Values Study 2008 44
2.3 The Countries and Grouping of Countries into Regions 45
2.4 The Party Choice Variable in EVS 2008 48
2.5 Party Families 49
2.6 The Structural Macro Variables for Advanced Industrial Societies and Wealth 59
2.7 Party System Fragmentation and Polarisation 63
2.7.1 Fragmentation 63
2.7.2 Polarisation 65
2.7.3 Correlations Between the Various Macro-Level Variables 67
2.7.4 The Analyses Based on the Macro-Level Variables 68
Notes 68
3 Socio-structural Variables and Value Orientations 70
3.1 Introduction 70
3.2 Socio-structural Variables 70
3.2.1 Introduction 70
3.2.2 Religious Denominations 71
3.2.3 Urban–Rural Residence 74
3.2.4 Class Variables 75
3.2.5 Education 75
3.2.6 Social Class 76
3.2.7 Household Income 80
3.3 Value Orientations 80
3.3.1 Introduction: Conceptualisation of Politically Relevant Value Orientations 80
3.3.2 The Five Value Orientations 84
3.3.2.1 Religious and Secular Values 84
3.3.2.2 Economic Left–Right Values 86
3.3.2.3 New Politics Values in General 88
3.3.2.4 Environmental Values 88
3.3.2.5 Libertarian/Authoritarian Values 89
3.3.2.6 Immigration Orientations (Restrictive Versus Liberal Orientations) 91
3.3.3 Indicators, Dimensional Analyses and Index Construction 92
3.3.3.1 Introduction: Two Political Attitude and Value Dimensions, or More? 92
3.3.3.2 Political Value Dimensions in EVS 2008 94
3.3.4 Value Priorities in a Comparative Setting 98
3.4 Value Orientations and Social Structure 100
3.4.1 Bivariate Analyses 100
3.4.1.1 Old Politics Values 101
Religious–Secular Values 101
Economic Left–Right Values 102
3.4.1.2 New Politics Values 103
Environmental Values 103
Libertarian–Authoritarian Values 104
Immigration Orientations 104
3.4.2 Multivariate Analyses 105
3.5 Conclusions 107
Appendix Tables 109
Notes 120
4 Party Choice and Social Structure 122
4.1 THE RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND THE STATISTICALMEASURES 122
4.2 GENDER: FROM THE TRADITIONAL TO THE MODERNGENDER GAP 125
4.2.1 Introduction 125
4.2.2 Hypotheses 128
4.2.3 Empirical Analysis 129
4.2.3.1 Comparative Strength 129
4.2.3.2 Location of Party Families 129
4.2.3.3 Polarisation 132
4.3 PARTY CHOICE AND AGE 132
4.3.1 Introduction 132
4.3.2 Hypotheses 136
4.3.3 Empirical Analysis 137
4.3.3.1 Comparative Strength 137
4.3.3.2 Location of Party Families 138
4.3.3.3 Polarisation 141
4.4 PARTY CHOICE AND RELIGIOUS DENOMINATION 142
4.4.1 Introduction 142
4.4.2 Hypotheses 145
4.4.3 Empirical Analysis 147
4.4.3.1 Comparative Strength 147
4.4.3.2 Location of Party Families 149
4.4.3.3 Polarisation 150
4.4.4 The Denominational Conflict in the Religiously MixedCountries 151
4.5 THE CONFLICT IN THE COMMODITY MARKET: PARTYCHOICE AND URBAN–RURAL RESIDENCE 152
4.5.1 Introduction 152
4.5.2 Hypotheses 155
4.5.3 Empirical Analysis 156
4.5.3.1 Comparative Strength 156
4.5.3.2 Location of Party Families 156
4.5.3.3 Polarisation 158
4.6 PARTY CHOICE AND EDUCATION 159
4.6.1 Introduction 159
4.6.2 Hypotheses 161
4.6.3 Empirical Analysis 162
4.6.3.1 Comparative Strength 162
4.6.3.2 Location of Party Families 163
4.6.3.3 Polarisation 164
4.7 PARTY CHOICE AND SOCIAL CLASS 166
4.7.1 Hypotheses 169
4.7.2 Empirical Analysis 171
4.7.2.1 Comparative Strength 171
4.7.2.2 Location of Party Families 173
4.7.3 The Class Bases for the Various Party Families: ComparativeVariations 175
4.8 PARTY CHOICE AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME 182
4.9 THE CORRELATIONS COMPARED AND MULTIVARIATEANALYSES 183
4.9.1 The Correlations Between Social Structural Variables and PartyChoice Compared 183
4.9.2 Multivariate Analysis 187
4.9.2.1 Comparison of the Strength of Three Groups of Variables 187
4.9.3 The Overall Impact of the Structural Variables in aComparative Perspective 189
4.10 CONCLUSIONS 191
APPENDIX TABLES 194
NOTES 204
5 Party Choice and Value Orientations 206
5.1 Introduction 206
5.2 Religious–Secular Value Orientations 207
5.2.1 Introduction 207
5.2.2 Hypotheses 207
5.2.2.1 The Impact in a Comparative Perspective 207
5.2.2.2 The Location of Voters for Different Party Families 208
5.2.3 Empirical Analysis 210
5.2.3.1 The Comparative Strength of the Correlations 210
5.2.3.2 The Location of Party Voters 210
5.3 Economic Left–Right Value Orientations 214
5.3.1 Introduction 214
5.3.2 Hypotheses 214
5.3.2.1 The Impact in a Comparative Perspective 214
5.3.2.2 The Location of Voters for Different Party Families 214
5.3.3 Empirical Analysis 217
5.3.3.1 The Comparative Strength of the Correlations 217
5.3.3.2 Location of Party Voters 217
5.4 New Politics Orientations 219
5.5 Environmental Value Orientations 220
5.5.1 Introduction and Hypotheses 220
5.5.2 Empirical Analysis 221
5.5.2.1 The Impact in a Comparative Perspective 221
5.5.2.2 Location of Party Voters 222
5.6 Libertarian–Authoritarian Value Orientations 223
5.6.1 Introduction 223
5.6.2 Hypotheses 224
5.6.3 Empirical Analysis 225
5.6.3.1 The Impact in a Comparative Perspective 225
5.6.3.2 The Location of Party Voters 225
5.7 Immigration Orientations 227
5.7.1 Hypotheses 227
5.7.2 Empirical Analysis 228
5.7.2.1 The Comparative Strength 228
5.7.2.2 The Location of Party Voters 229
5.8 The Relative Strength of the Correlations Between Value Orientations and Party Choice Within the Various Countries 231
5.9 The Impact of Old Politics and New Politics Value Orientations 235
5.9.1 Testing Macro-Level Hypotheses for the Impact of Single Value Orientations 235
5.9.2 The Total Impact of Old and New Politics Value Orientations 237
5.10 The Explanatory Power of the Whole Model 241
5.10.1 Introduction 241
5.10.2 Empirical Analysis 241
5.11 Conclusions 243
Appendix Tables 245
Notes 250
6 The Impact of Social Structure and Value Orientations Compared 251
6.1 Introduction 251
6.2 The Total Impact of Social Structure and Value Orientations 252
6.3 The Relative Impact of Social Structure and Value Orientations on Party Choice 254
6.4 “Pure Structural Voting”, “Pure Value Voting” and “Cleavage” Voting 258
6.4.1 The Cleavage Concept 258
6.4.2 Hypotheses 260
6.4.3 Empirical Analysis 263
6.5 The Intermediate Role of Old Politics and New Politics Value Orientations 268
6.6 Conclusions 270
Notes 272
7 Conclusions 274
7.1 Introduction 274
7.2 Party Choice and Social Structure 275
7.3 Party Choice and Value Orientations 278
7.4 The Impact of Social Structure and Value Orientations Compared 280
7.5 The Role of the Macro-Level Explanations 281
Notes 282
Erratum to: Party Choice and SocialStructure 283
Appendix 1 284
Construction of Indices for the Value Orientations – EVS 2008 284
Religious/Secular Values 284
Economic Left–Right Values 284
Environmental Values 285
Libertarian–Authoritarian Values 286
V101 (Q20) Follow Instructions 286
V167 (Q49) Love Parents 287
V204 (Q62) Greater Respect for Authority 287
Qualities Which Children Should Be Encouraged to Learn at Home 288
Attitudes Towards Immigration and Immigrants 288
Literature 290
Index 307

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Knutsen, Oddbjørn , 1953- (author.)

Oddbjorn Knutsen

Springer International Publishing

Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Palgrave studies in European political sociology, Cham, Switzerland, 2018

Palgrave studies in European political sociology, Oslo, cop. 2018

Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology Ser, Cham, 2017

Switzerland, Switzerland

1st ed. 2018, PS, 2017

Jul 25, 2017

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 11.0 (Windows)

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Source title: Social Structure, Value Orientations and Party Choice in Western Europe (Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology)

This Book Analyses The Impact Of Socio-structural Variables, Such As Social Class, Religion, Urban/rural Residence, Age And Gender, On Influencing An Individual's Voting Preferences. There Have Been Major Changes In Recent Decades Both To Social Structure And How Social Structure Determines People's Voting Behaviour. There Has Also Been A Shift In Value Orientations, For Example From Religious To Secular Values And From More Authoritarian To Libertarian Values. The Author Addresses The Questions: How Do Social Structure And Value Orientations Influence Party Choice In Advanced Industrial Democracies?; To What Extent Is The Impact Of Social Structure On Party Choice Transmitted Via Value Orientations?; To What Extent Is The Impact Of Value Orientations On Party Choice Causal Effects When Controlled For The Prior Structural Variables? The Book Will Be Of Use To Advanced Students And Scholars In The Fields Of Comparative Politics, Electoral Politics And Political Sociology.-- Introduction And Presentation Of The Research Problems -- The Data Set And The Party Systems Of The 18 Countries -- Socio-structural Variables And Value Orientations -- Party Choice And Social Structure -- Party Choice And Value Orientations -- The Impact Of Social Structure And Value Orientations Compared. Oddbjørn Knutsen. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 281-297) And Index.

2025-10-27