When we think about viruses we tend to consider ones that afflict humans—such as those that cause influenza, HIV, and Ebola. Yet, vastly more viruses infect single-celled microbes. Diverse and abundant, microbes and the viruses that infect them are found in oceans, lakes, plants, soil, and animal-associated microbiomes. Taking a vital look at the "microscopic" mode of disease dynamics, __Quantitative Viral Ecology__ establishes a theoretical foundation from which to model and predict the ecological and evolutionary dynamics that result from the interaction between viruses and their microbial hosts.
Joshua Weitz addresses three major questions: What are viruses of microbes and what do they do to their hosts? How do interactions of a single virus-host pair affect the number and traits of hosts and virus populations? How do virus-host dynamics emerge in natural environments when interactions take place between many viruses and many hosts? Emphasizing how theory and models can provide answers, Weitz offers a cohesive framework for tackling new challenges in the study of viruses and microbes and how they are connected to ecological processes—from the laboratory to the Earth system.
__Quantitative Viral Ecology__ is an innovative exploration of the influence of viruses in our complex natural world.

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lgli/10.1515_9781400873968.pdf

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zlib/no-category/Joshua S. Weitz/Quantitative Viral Ecology: Dynamics of Viruses and Their Microbial Hosts_25974885.pdf

Joshua S. Weitz

Princeton University, Department of Art & Archaeology

Princeton Electronic

Monographs in population biology, Viruses |x Ecology.55, Princeton, NJ, 2016

Monographs in population biology, Princeton ; Oxford, 2015

Monographs in population biology, Princeton (N.J.), ©2015

Monographs in Population Biology Ser, Princeton, 2016

Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2015

United States, United States of America

1, FR, 2016

degruyter.com

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When We Think About Viruses We Tend To Consider Ones That Afflict Humans--such As Those That Cause Influenza, Hiv, And Ebola. Yet, Vastly More Viruses Infect Single-celled Microbes. Diverse And Abundant, Microbes And The Viruses That Infect Them Are Found In Oceans, Lakes, Plants, Soil, And Animal-associated Microbiomes. Taking A Vital Look At The Microscopic Mode Of Disease Dynamics, Quantitative Viral Ecology Establishes A Theoretical Foundation From Which To Model And Predict The Ecological And Evolutionary Dynamics That Result From The Interaction Between Viruses And Their Microbial Hosts. Joshua Weitz Addresses Three Major Questions: What Are Viruses Of Microbes And What Do They Do To Their Hosts? How Do Interactions Of A Single Virus-host Pair Affect The Number And Traits Of Hosts And Virus Populations? How Do Virus-host Dynamics Emerge In Natural Environments When Interactions Take Place Between Many Viruses And Many Hosts? Emphasizing How Theory And Models Can Provide Answers, Weitz Offers A Cohesive Framework For Tackling New Challenges In The Study Of Viruses And Microbes And How They Are Connected To Ecological Processes--from The Laboratory To The Earth System. Quantitative Viral Ecology Is An Innovative Exploration Of The Influence Of Viruses In Our Complex Natural World-- Machine Generated Contents Note: I.virology: An Ecological Perspective -- 1.what Is A Virus? -- 1.1.what Is A Virus? -- 1.2.dimensions Of Viral Biodiversity -- 1.3.summary -- 2.viral Life History Traits -- 2.1.life History Traits In Ecology -- 2.2.viral Life Cycle -- 2.3.traits Associated With Lysis -- 2.4.traits Associated With Lysogeny -- 2.5.extracellular Traits -- 2.6.summary -- Ii.population And Evolutionary Dynamics Of Viruses And Their Microbial Hosts -- 3.population Dynamics Of Viruses And Microbes -- 3.1.on Measurements And Models -- 3.2.viruses And The Control Of Microbial Populations -- 3.3.viruses And Oscillatory Dynamics -- 3.4.linking Microscopic Details With Dynamics -- 3.5.summary -- 4.evolutionary Dynamics Of Viruses Or Microbes, But Not Both -- 4.1.viruses And The Nature Of Mutation -- 4.2.the Effects Of Viruses On Host Evolution -- 4.3.the Effects Of Hosts On Viral Evolution -- 4.4.summary -- 5.coevolutionary Dynamics Of Viruses And Microbes --^ 5.1.from Sensitivity Relations To Coevolution -- 5.2.toward Novel Coevolution: On The Probability Of Compensating Mutations -- 5.3.the Effect Of Coevolution On Host And Viral Population Dynamics -- 5.4.ecological Effects On The Coevolutionary Dynamics Of Types And Traits -- 5.5.summary -- Iii.viral Ecology In The Oceans: A Model System For Measurement And Inference -- 6.ocean Viruses: On Their Abundance, Diversity, And Target Hosts -- 6.1.ways Of Seeing -- 6.2.counting Viruses In The Environment -- 6.3.estimating Viral Diversity -- 6.4.virus-microbe Infection Networks -- 6.5.summary -- 7.virus-host Dynamics In A Complex Milieu -- 7.1.rosenblueth And Wiener's Cat -- 7.2.many Viruses And Many Hosts -- 7.3.nutrients And The Viral Shunt -- 7.4.viruses And Grazers -- 7.5.summary -- 8.the Future Of Quantitative Viral Ecology -- 8.1.current Challenges, In Theory -- 8.2.on The Future Of Quantitative Viral Ecology -- Technical Appendixes -- A.viral Life History Traits --^ A.1.measuring Viral Life History Traits: A Quantitative Perspective -- A.2.a Core Technique: The Plaque Assay -- A.3.protocols For Life History Trait Estimation -- B.population Dynamics Of Viruses And Microbes -- B.1.host-associated Life History Traits -- B.2.linear Stability Analysis Of A Nonlinear Dynamical System -- B.3.implicit Resource Dynamics As A Limit Of Explicit Resource Dynamics -- B.4.on Poisson Processes And Mean Field Models -- B.5.a Note On Simulating Dynamical Systems -- B.6.analysis Of A Population Dynamics Model With Reinfection Of Infected Hosts -- C.evolutionary Dynamics Of Viruses Or Microbes, But Not Both -- C.1.models Of Independent Mutations Arising In The Growth Of Populations -- C.2.invasion Criterion For Mutant Viruses With Distinct Life History Traits -- C.3.deriving The Canonical Equation Of Adaptive Dynamics -- C.4.simulating Evolutionary Dynamics -- D.ocean Viruses: On Their Abundance, Diversity, And Target Hosts --^ D.1.protocol For Automatic Estimation Of Virus-like Particles From Digital Images Derived From Epifluorescence Microscopy -- E.virus-host Dynamics In A Complex Milieu -- E.1.a Multitrophic Model To Quantify The Effects Of Marine Viruses On Microbial Food Webs And Ecosystem Processes. Joshua S. Weitz. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.

Contents
Acknowledgments
Preface
I VIROLOGY: AN ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
1. What Is a Virus?
1.2. Dimensions of Viral Biodiversity
1.3. Summary
2. Viral Life History Traits
2.1. Life History Traits in Ecology
2.2. Viral Life Cycle
2.3. Traits Associated with Lysis
2.4. Traits Associated with Lysogeny
2.5. Extracellular Traits
2.6. Summary
II POPULATION AND EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF VIRUSES AND THEIR MICROBIAL HOSTS
3. Population Dynamics of Viruses and Microbes
3.1. On Measurements and Models
3.2. Viruses and the “Control” of Microbial Populations
3.3. Viruses and Oscillatory Dynamics
3.4. Linking Microscopic Details with Dynamics
3.5. Summary
4. Evolutionary Dynamics of Viruses or Microbes, but Not Both
4.1. Viruses and the Nature of Mutation
4.2. The Effects of Viruses on Host Evolution
4.3. The Effects of Hosts on Viral Evolution
4.4. Summary
5. Coevolutionary Dynamics of Viruses and Microbes
5.1. From Sensitivity Relations to Coevolution
5.2. Toward “Novel” Coevolution: On the Probability of Compensating Mutations
5.3. The Effect of Coevolution on Host and Viral Population Dynamics
5.4. Ecological Effects on the Coevolutionary Dynamics of Types and Traits
5.5. Summary
III VIRAL ECOLOGY IN THE OCEANS: A MODEL SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT AND INFERENCE
6. Ocean Viruses: On Their Abundance, Diversity, and Target Hosts
6.1. Ways of Seeing
6.2. Counting Viruses in the Environment
6.3. Estimating Viral Diversity
6.4. Virus-Microbe Infection Networks
6.5. Summary
7. Virus-Host Dynamics in a Complex Milieu
7.1. Rosenblueth and Wiener’s Cat
7.2. Many Viruses and Many Hosts
7.3. Nutrients and the Viral “Shunt”
7.4. Viruses and Grazers
7.5. Summary
8. The Future of Quantitative Viral Ecology
8.1. Current Challenges, in Theory
8.2. On the Future of Quantitative Viral Ecology
TECHNICAL APPENDIXES
A. Viral Life History Traits
A.1. Measuring Viral Life History Traits: A Quantitative Perspective
A.2. A Core Technique: The Plaque Assay
A.3. Protocols for Life History Trait Estimation
B. Population Dynamics of Viruses and Microbes
B.1. Host-Associated Life History Traits
B.2. Linear Stability Analysis of a Nonlinear Dynamical System
B.3. Implicit Resource Dynamics as a Limit of Explicit Resource Dynamics
B.4. On Poisson Processes and Mean Field Models
B.5. A Note on Simulating Dynamical Systems
B.6. Analysis of a Population Dynamics Model with Reinfection of Infected Hosts
C. Evolutionary Dynamics of Viruses or Microbes, but Not Both
C.1. Models of Independent Mutations Arising in the Growth of Populations
C.2. Invasion Criterion for Mutant Viruses with Distinct Life History Traits
C.3. Deriving the Canonical Equation of Adaptive Dynamics
C.4. Simulating Evolutionary Dynamics
D. Ocean Viruses: On Their Abundance, Diversity, and Target Hosts
D.1. Protocol for Automatic Estimation of Virus-Like Particles from Digital Images Derived from Epifluorescence Microscopy
E. Virus-Host Dynamics in a Complex Milieu
E.1. A Multitrophic Model to Quantify the Effects of Marine Viruses on Microbial Food Webs and Ecosystem Processes
Bibliography
Index

2023-08-24